Heney



(No Model.)

H.. 0. SENGBANT,

l DIRECT ACTING ENGINE. No' 355-348' Patented Jan, 4, 1,887.

' Uilm I i N W i D) /JJ d V e a I il@ NN I llllllh Wmswj;

HENRY o. snnennnfr,

OF NEV YORK, N. Y.

DIRECT-ACTING ENGINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 355,348, dated January 4, 1887.

Application iled October 16, 1886. Serial No. 216,4l1. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, HENRY C. SERGEANT, of the city and county of New York, in the State of New York, have invented anew and useful Improvemcntin Direct-Acting Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of directactingengines which are more particularly intended for rock-drills, and in each of which is employed a main valve moving as a piston within a valve-chest, and which is operated or moved alternately in opposite directions by pressure upon its end. In this class of engines, as most commonly constructed, the opposite ends of the mainvalve chest are alternately placed in communication with the exhaust, so that the press-ure upon the opposite end of the valve will throw or operate it. The main piston is in some cases provided with annular grooves, which serve to establish communication between the main exhaust port and passages leading from the ends of the valve-chest, and in other cases the piston has by its .movement served to operate independent supplemental valves at each end of the main-valve chest, so as to simultaneously place one end of the valve-chest in communication with the exhaust and the other end of the valve-chest in communication with the steamsupply. Engines of this class', asv heretofore constructed, although they may have been effective for a special class of work for which they were designed, either as heading-drills or vdrills for quarry work, have not in many cases operated with the best results when applied to a class of work for which they were not intended.

An important object of my invention is to provide a drill in which the valve is so constructed and operated that the drill will operate effectively upon any class of work-that is, whether employed as a headingdrill in tunnels or in outside work, as in quarries.

One feature of my invention consists in the combination, with acylinder and apiston having reverscly-arranged inclines or shoulders, and a main valve arranged to move by pressure upon its end, of a supplemental valve which is actuated by the inclines or projections on the pistons to serve the sole purpose of placing the ends of the main-valve chest alternately in communication with the exhaust, whereupon the valve will be moved by the pressure in the opposite end of the chest.

The invention also consists in the combination, with a cylinder and a piston having reversely-arranged inclines or shoulders, and a main valve arranged to move by pressure upon its ends, of a singlesupplementary valvek der, keeping it seated. I also prefer to introg duce between the valve-chest and the cylinder a removable or renewable bed, which has a projection fitting within a cavity or opening within the cylinder, and which has formed in such projection the arc-shaped Valve seat, in which the sliding valve works, as hereinafter described.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal section upon the plane indicated by the dotted lino e z, Fig. 2, of such portions oi' a rock-drill as are necessary to illustrate my invention. Fig. 2 is a transverse section upon the plane ofthe dotted line x x, Fig. I. Fig. 3 is a plan View with the valve-chest removed; and Fig. 4 isl a horizontal sectionupon the plane of the dotted line y y, Fig. 1.

SimilarA letters of reference designate corresponding parts in the several iigurcs.

A designates the cylinder, in which is fitted the piston B, and from the piston B extends the piston-rod B', which works through the lower cylinder-head, and has the drill or bit secured to it in a woll-understood manner.

O designates the main-Valve chest, in which is the main valve D; and E designates a supplemental valve, whereby the movements of the main valve are controlled, and whereby,in -this example of my invention, the ends of the valve-chest C are alternately placed in coml munication with the main exhaust. l

In this example of my invention I have illustrated a renewable or removable bed or plate, F, as introduced between the valve-chest D and the ii'at surface or face if, provided upon IOO the cylinder, and this renewable bed F has a projection, F', which enters and ts loosely in a corresponding cavity or opening, b', formed in the cylinder.

The valve here represented is of the piston type, and serves to alternately place the main ports or passages b2 b3 in communication with the steam-supply and with the main exhaust port or passage b. rI`he main steam and exhaust passages b b3 are curved laterally or carried around the cavity or recess b in the cylinder which receives the block or projection F, as shown in Fig, and are continued through -the renewable or removable bed F, and the main exhaust-port b4 is also continued through the bed F and communicates with the exhaust space or cavity b5, as shown in Fig. 2, and from which may lead the exhaust pipe socket 1f.

The steam-chest or valve-chest C has in opposite sides pipe-sockets c, with either of which the steam -pipe may communicate, and the othex'of which is closed by a plug, c. By the movement of the main valve D in one or other direction the port or passage b2 or b will be placed incommunication with the main steamsupply, while the other port, b3 or b2, will be placed in communication with the main exhaust b4 b5.

As here represented, the supplemental valve E is of arc-shaped form; or, in other words, Vit constitutes a segment of a ring, and it vis fitted within a slideway or seat, d, of corresponding form in the projection F upon the renewable bed or plate F.- An important advantage of this construction is, that when the valve E and its seat become worn so. as not to properly fulfill their functions, the valve and its seat may be readily renewed by removing from the machine the bed or base plate F, with its projection F', and substituting a new one. This may be done at small expense and without removing the drill from the place where it is worked to the repair-shop.

The valve E is slightly greater in length than its arc-shaped seat d, and consequently one or other end of said valve will project Vwithin the bore of the cylinder and in the path of the inclines or shoulders c e', with which the piston B is provided, as best shown in Fig. 1. If the piston be moved toward the left hand of Fig. 1 from the position there shown, its incline or shoulder. e Vwill come in contact with the right-hand end of the valve E, and will slide said valve toward the left; but the distance between the inclines or shoulders must be such that the incline or shoulder e will pass the left-hand end of thevalve in the described movement of the piston before the incline or shoulder e comes against the right-hand end of the valve to throw it toward the left. In the valve E is a recess or cavity, e?, which serves to alternately place the ports or passages f f in communication with the port or passage f2. In this example of myinvention,

where the supplemental valve E serves to place the ends of thevalve-chest C alternately in communication with the main exhaust, the port or passage f2 leads directly to the main exhaust port and cavity b* b5, and the passages f f are in constant communication with the steam-passagesf3f, which are formed in the valve-chest C, and which lead to opposite ends thereof. Iprefer to form the recess or cove e2 of thcvalve E in the side or dat face of Isaid valve, as the pressure which is within the cylinder will then serve to keep the valve E pressed tightly to its seat d, and will prevent leakage.

In the position of paris shown in Fig. l,the supplemental valve E is in such position that by its cove or cavity e2 the passage f is in communication with the passage f, and consequently the right-hand end of the valvechest C is in free communication through said passages with the main exhaust. rlhe supplemental valve E has been previously set in the position described by the movement of the piston B toward the right hand of Fig. 1, and by the action of the incline or shoulder e upon the left-hand end of the valve E. As soon as the right-hand end of the valve-chest C was which had 'accumulated in the left-hand end 9 of the chest C by the slight leakage past the valve D served to throw the valve toward the right and to the position shown. The piston B, as shown, is at the extreme right-hand end of its movement, and in the position of the valve D shown the passage b2 is in free communication with the main exhaust port or passage bt, while the passage b3 is open to .steamsupplyin order to admit steam to the righthand end of the cylinder A. As the piston by the pressure of steam upon its right-hand end comes near the end of its working stroke, lthe incline or shoulder e acts upon the righthand end of the valve E, and by moving it places the passages f fl in communication through the cayity or cove e2 of the valve. By such movement of thevalve the left-hand end of the valve-chest C is placed in free communication with the main exhaust, andY the,

left-hand end of the valve D being relieved of pressure, said valve is moved toward the left hand of Fig. 1 by theV pressure upon its opposite end, and thereby places the passage b3 in communication with the exhaustvb, and admits the live motive agent through the passage b2 to make the return movement of the piston.

IOO

IIOA

It will be observed that the supplementalvalve which I have above described is very simple in its construction, and will work tight notwithstanding the wear to which `it may be subjected. It may also be renewed at small cost when, by long-continued wear, such renewal is made desirable.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- ,y

l. The combination, with a cylinder, a piston having reverselyarranged inclines or shoulders, and a main valve arranged to move by pressure upon its end, of a supplemental valve which is actuated by the inclines or projections of the piston to serve the sole purpose of placing the ends of the main-valve chest alternately in communication with the eX- 5 haust, whereupon the valve Will be moved by the pressure in the opposite end of` the chest,

substantially as herein described.

2. The combination, with a cylinder, a piston having reversely-arranged inclines or io shoulders, and a main valve arranged to move by pressure upon its end, of a supplemental valve which controls the operation oi' the main valve, and Which is moved in opposite directions alternately by the inclines or shoulders on the piston, substantially as herein described. 3. The combination, with the main cylinder, a piston having reversely-arrangedinclines or shoulders, and a main valve arranged to move by pressure upon its end, of a supplemental arc-shaped slide-valve fitted to a corresponding seat and arranged to be moved in opposite directions alternately by the inclines or shoulders of the piston to control the operation of the main valve, substantially as herein 25 described.

4. The combination, with the main cylinder, a piston having reversely-arranged inclines or shoulders, and a main valve arranged to move by pressure upon its end, of a supplement-al arc-shaped valve fitted to a corresponding seat 3o arranged to loe moved in opposite directions. alternately by the inclines or shoulders of the piston, and having a port or cavity in its flat side or face for controlling the operation of the main valve, substantially as herein described. 35

Y 5. The combination, With the cylinder A, havinga cavity or opening, b, the piston B, having inclines or shoulders e e', and the main-y valve chest and its valve D, of the renewable bed F for the valve-chest, provided with the 4o projection F', having formed therein the arcshaped valve-seat d and portsffj", and the arc-shaped supplemental valve E, fitting said seat and arranged to be moved by the inclines or shoulders on the piston, substantially as 4 herein described.

HENRY C. SERGEANT. Witnesses:

' C. HALL,

FREDK. HAYNEs. 

